Don’t expect much from Utrecht. The focus is mostly on kiddy rides, so if you want something spectacular, you will be disappointed.
Most big and unique rides will be in Weert since it’s the number 2 or 3 biggest funfair in our country. There goes a train from Amsterdam Centraal that will be in less than two ours in Weert, so that is totally an option (depending on your budget, only money should be an potential issue). By car I think it’s around the same travel time.
I don’t think there are big funfair’s much closer to Amsterdam/Utrecht. If you want something spectacular, I guess I can only recommend to still travel to Weert. Other options are not worth it more, I think. Too far (Oldenzaal for example), or really small…
Weert is amazing, so you will definitely have a great time if you go there.
Wish you a great time here in the Netherlands!